Archive for July, 2005

Jul
29

Great creative

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Forgive me, I am a little slow off the mark today.  Recollection seems to take so much longer than just making stuff up.

Here is an Australian ad for Carlton Draught.  This is proof that there will always be a place in the world for creative that’s this creative.  Have a look for it here.

Acknowledgments

Jim and Laima Dingwall (for the link)

Categories : Advertising Watch
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Jul
28

why we blog

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FalkOne of the charming things about blogging is that most of us are still waiting to find what it is we’re doing. 

The motive is clear, nicely captured by Kevin Kelly.

The electricity of participation nudges ordinary folks to invest huge hunks of energy and time into making free encyclopedias, creating public tutorials for changing a flat tire, or cataloging the votes in the Senate. More and more of the Web runs in this mode. One study found that only 40 percent of the Web is commercial. The rest runs on duty or passion.

But what, exactly, are we accomplishing with all this duty and passion?

I have a couple of suggestions, each of which I intend to dress up as “model” on the grounds that this will make it sound more authoritative and plausible.

1. The bubbler model

Here in Connecticut, in the winter, people put bubblers around their boats to keep them from becoming part of the ice flow in the sound. And I like to think blogging is a kind of bubbling that prevents any topic fixing itself in public discourse. Blogging is for thinking and rethinking and provoking that “on the other hand” reaction.  Indeed, in this red state/blue state era, were it not for the bubbling of the blogs we would all have found ourselves committed to an ice age of ideological extremism long ago.  This is incidentally a true public service and it must be driven by duty or passion because no one is going to get a red cent of compensation otherwise.

2. The infill model

I think bloggers now take up locations two places on the idea continuum.  First, we stand between the newspaper journalist and the magazine journalist.  Second, we stand between the magazine journalist and the academic writer.  In both cases, we are more contemplative than the former and much faster off the mark than the latter.  I think this participation must mean that the intellectual division of labor has become more rich, more various and more speedy, but that remains to be seen.  As to compensation, once more only the lucky few are making a livelihood here.

3. the terraforming model

If I may now quote myself from an early post.

Blogs are experiments. Each of them says, in effect, what happens to this way of thinking if we apply it to a variety of topics for an extended period? Do the ideas flourish or wither? Do they evolve or merely repeat? Do they scale up in their complexity, or, forgive me, bog down.

If things go well, I guess, blogs go off like an alpine ecosystem: tiny flora make a platform for minor flora which make a platform for major flora. Pretty soon, there’s a forest on a slope.

Actually, in the best case, blogs terra form. By steadily converting ambient resources, own and others, they create a sustainable intellectual space where none before was possible. They make their own worlds, and so prove the possibility of these worlds. They “discover” worlds by creating them.

This is where we do get paid, assuming that the experiment actually pays off.  Nothing that will sustain us body and soul, of course, but the life of the mind may flourish. 

4. the Peter DeLorenzo or audition model

All praise to this guy Peter. BusinessWeek tells us that his blog entries at Autoextremist.com   sometimes win him consulting contracts with the Detroit executives he dares to criticize. And this is a splendid model. Driven by passion and duty, and our alpine meadow motives, we blog everyday.  And occasionally, one of our readers says, “that was interesting.  Come in and say more like that.” We make a little money.  We have a chance to see our ideas work in the world.  We come home and reinsert our head in the clouds. 

Naturally, we have a formidable marketing job ahead of us. Peter has the attention of Detroit executives.  I am betting most of us do not get a reading by the senior marketing executives who could engage us in this capacity. Hmmm.   

References

Kelly, Kevin. 2005. We are the Web.  Wired Magazine. 13 (8 August). here.

 Kiley, David. 2005. Motor City’s Motor Mouth: Peter DeLorenzo blasts the Big Three on his blog–and then they hire him. BusinessWeek. July 25, 2005, pp. 82-83.

McCracken, Grant, 2005. Blogging: what’s for, how it pays, January 05, 2005.here.  

Categories : Uncategorized
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Jul
27

Cotton, Converse and co-creation

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ConverseI had drinks with Ed Cotton last week.  He’s at Butler, Shine, Stern and Partners, the firm that asked  consumers to make ads for a Converse campaign. It’s one thing to talk co-creation, another actually to do it, and yet another to make it work.  Converse web traffic went up 40% to 400,000 unique visitors a month.   Converse sales went up 12% for the quarter.  (400,000 unique visitors a week, now that’s language a blogger can understand…and scarce imagine.)

By this reckoning, marketing  works as  culture to work as commerce.   Erick Soderstrom, Converse’s global marketing chief:

Our customers tend to be creative and we’ve given them the biggest canvas we have to express themselves–our advertising.

Converse becomes the medium for someone else’s message.   Bully!

But here’s what caught my eye.  When Ed was doing research in Santa Monica, he talked to a kid who was wearing mismatched shoes.  Both were, I think, Chuck Taylors, different models thereof. 

Here is customization and co-creation that doesn’t actually require that Punk stand-by, the felt tip pen, or the scissoring so beloved of the Japanese teenager.  Combining pre-fab elements from the world of goods is both the simplest act of creativity and the biggest.  It creates new meanings, and appropriates old ones, without executional compromise.  The empowered consumer does not end up looking like a rank amateur ("Look, I drew on my t-shirt!").

Mismatched shoes are also nicely subversive.  There is somewhere in the clothing code a notion that holds over from the Elizabethan era that says a person’s shoes must show that they are in the Elizabethan lingo, unconcussable.  Shoes, especially the shoes of the male and the young, are meant to show that the wearer is, all apologies, grounded.  (High heel shoes take their semotic precisely from the way they break this rule.  The wearer, a female, demonstrates her vulnerability, her fragility, her elegeance, her powers of evocation by showing herself not at all grounded.) 

Plus, let’s face it: symmetry is to clothing as exhausted a genre as addled exposition is to a movie.  It’s like enough already.  You don’t really have to repeat yourself.  We got it the first time, carry on. 

We know that the world of goods is governed by rules of combination.  There are some things that always appear in a hipster’s apartment in Park Slope and other things that never do.  (Connecticut has rules of its own, believe me, and they are stupifying.)  These rules open up a great modularity for the cunning, the creative consumer.  (We got a not very interesting glimpse of this from the Ashley twins this summer, as they combined a variety of clothing inspirations.)

One of the  questions here is whether brands will set their products free.  Will they encourage consumers to mix and match the product with unexpected choice mates and a new combinatorial freedom.  This is a path out of the ordinary and the predictable.  It is one of the ways to keep the brand from overforming and losing its dynamism.  (It is of course, also  the very strategy with which Hollywood stars seek to keep their career alive: casting themselves against type.)  Perhaps once we have got over the present preoccupation, and somewhat embarrassing preoccupation with buzz management, we will take modularity as a new way to manage the meanings of the brand. 

References

Kiley, David.  2005.  Advertising of, by, and for the people.  BusinessWeek.  July 25, 2005, pp. 63-64.

Jul
26

William Shakespeare: brand consultant

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Shakespeare_1It’s not too late to add this perfect beach book to your summer reading list. 

I refer to Stephen Greenblatt’s Will in the World: How Shakespeare became Shakespeare.

This book is beautfully thought, said and constructed.  Perhaps more urgently, it is useful for those of us in the field of marketing. 

Here’s what Greenblatt has to say about theatre before and after Will.

The authors of the morality plays thought they could enhance the broad impact they sought to achieve by stripping their characters of all incdiental distinquishing traits to get to their essences.  They thought their audiences would thereby not be distracted by the irrelevant details of individual identities.

This sounds like the brand construction strategies of the 20th century, doesn’t it?  All brands, even the very best ones, were constructed as if the message could have no subtlety or nuance  Branding, even by very gifted marketers, had an inclination to strip everything out.  Keep it simple.  Stick to genre and formula.  Say it loud.  Say it often.  This was mantra of marketing. 

Those days have passed.  We are on the verge of brands that grasp what Shakespeare got:  brands  generalizing in the old fashioned way are too obvious, too crude, too stupid to enter consciousness, let alone move someone to purchase (intellectual or otherwise).

Shakespeare grasped that the spectacle of human destiny was, in fact, vastly more compelling when it was attached not to generatlized abstractions but to particular name people, people realized with an unprecedented intensity of individuation; not Youth but Prince Hal, not Everyman but Othello.

It’s almost as if the brand can’t have a place in the present day marketplace unless it is worthy of a place in contemporary culture.  It can’t be commerce unless it’s culture. 

I think it’s fair to say that is one of the things that Will wrought.  I mean, there is pretty good chance we wouldn’t be looking at this challenge to the way we exercise our will in the world were it not for that Will in the world.

Hey, but what do I know?  I make my living standing in McDonald’s drive-through lines (see last post). 

References

Greenblatt, Stephen.  2004.  Will in the world: How Shakespeare became Shakespeare.  New York: Norton, p. 34.

Categories : Brand Watch
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Jul
25

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Kanye_iiKelefa_1

Kelefa Sanneh (left)                                                                                                                                    Kanye West                  

There is something a  little eerie about Kelefa Sanneh’s piece  in yesterday’s New York Times.  It’s called Kanye West’s Argument With Himself and it notes a tension in  Mr. West’s current work:

But since Mr. West excels at both rhyming and composing, watching him in the studio is like watching a man have a long discussion – sometimes an argument – with himself.

The eerie part is that this essay is accompanied by what the Times calls an "audio slide show" in which Mr. Sanneh gives a voice-over account of the same subject matter.

Sanneh and West are, both of them, mixing their media.  Actually, it’s a meta mixing of the media:  one mixing to illuminate how the other mixes. 

To be sure, there is a simultaneity and a complementarity to West’s work that Sanneh does not have or need.  (We cannot hear West’s music without his lyrics.  We can read Sanneh’s article without looking at the slide show.) 

Indeed, while Sanneh and West appear to engage in roughly similar projects, there is no evidence of  "discussion" and/or the "argument" in Sanneh’s case.

This won’t last long.  Let’s review.

1) I am prepared to bet a tidy sum that Sanneh wrote his essay and then, at the prompting of the Times, he banged off the audio slide show. 

2) It’s clear that the Times is desparate for on-line content for which it can charge.  So the motive here is clear.  Left to its own devices, I expect, the Times would continue to ignore the contradiction of talking about music without ever playing any of it.

3) But now that the Times has insisted on audio slide show, something interesting happens: it  can’t go home again.  I don’t care how patronizing, opportunistic or experimental the audio show was as a gesture.  It so improves the journalistic function of a piece, that no one will suffer grey text again.

4) Thus do organizations back into the future.  All the Times  meant to do was "jazz up a couple of stories in the Sunday paper," and now consumers take it for granted.  As long as you refuse to contemplate what Sanneh’s calls the "discussion," the "argument," you may perservere as the Times, a grandly logocentric magazine that is still a little distrustful of color photographs.  And, who knows, the Times may have been naive enough to think that they could add slide shows and sound as a discretionary, occasional, fully optional gesture.  Hah!  Ladies and gentlemen, you have joined the"discussion" in more sense than one.  The optional is now obligatory.  One little experiment and you are no longer a "newspaper." 

5) It’s interesting to see what the discussion might, if joined, look like in Sanneh’s case.  He is in point of fact, not nearly so gifted a "voice over" as he is a writer, but this is no doubt partly because he is such a very good writer.  (I mean, so good it’s really irritating.) 

6) But the discussion is there, even if neglected.  Sanneh is more candid, more vivid, more opinionated in the spoken word than the written one.  The Times wanted something summary and reductive.   They got something different.

7) And this is where things get really interesting.   As it stands, the slide show is entirely post hoc.  But eventually, and much sooner than it would like, the Times will have be asking Sanneh to do the two together, and then an argument will occur.  Sanneh will be viewing every story from two quite difference points of view.  Two distinct voices will be competing in his head. This is where, potentially, Sanneh becomes West, and the Times becomes…not the Times at all.

Let the discussion begin. 

References

Sanneh, Kelefa.  2005.  Kanye West’s Argument With Himself.  New York Times.  July 24, 2005. here.

Categories : Uncategorized
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RonaldCommercial ethnography is sometimes the method of last resort. All other methods, quantitative and qualitative, have been tried and all have failed. 

That’s why, a couple of years ago, I got a call from The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC). A great torrent of Coke flows through McDonald’s every day. So TCCC was particularly concerned by a new finding: that consumers order a smaller size of Coke when passing through the drive-through than when ordering indoors at the counter. Multiply this difference (even if it’s just 3 ounces) by millions of drinks per day over thousands of outlets, and you get the idea.

All the obvious methods had failed. TCCC had collected every kind of quantitative data and subjected it to every statistical manipulation. Focus groups had been held. Consumers panels had been convened and consulted. The experts had been consulted.

All the obvious answers had been exhausted. No, it wasn’t that people were worried about spilling their Coke in the car. No, it wasn’t that they were concerned about bladders filling and perhaps exploding on route. This is was for both McDonald’s and TCCC a WTF moment.

So TCCC asked me if I could solve this problem? I said yes, because I always say yes. But I figured that if all other methods had failed, no one would be inclined to crucify the method (or me) if ethnography did too.

Off I went to Southern California. I found a McDonald’s with the right mix of consumers and a robust drive through line. The manager was a little mystified but entirely helpful. I decided to see if I could interview people in the drive-through. And predictably, this made people in the drive through line a little uncomfortable.

I was wearing a suit and tie, to make myself look more professional. Actually, wearing a suit in a drive-through line really just makes you look Martian. But that’s good too. To magnify the effect, I wore a little blue McDonald’s cap. Now, I looked like a complete asshole. To be fair.

Very shortly, I was feeling like an asshole, too. The longest you can talk to someone who is driving through a drive-through line is about 40 seconds. You have no longer introduced and explained yourself than the driver is ready to move on. You can walk along beside the car as if shuffles forward, but this is tricky because you have to walk backwards, and the lane is narrow.

So most of your interviews last about 22 seconds. It is hot, very hot. It is so hot that I am soaked right through and my camera person, Suz, has discovered that the sun block has run off her forehead into her eyes and she can barely see. At this point, we aren’t getting very much more on camera than we are in the interviews.

I can’t tell you the outcome of the research. That was bought and paid for by TCCC, and what are the chances that I would ever work again if I blabbed (and blogged) my research results. But, at the risk of blowing my own horn, I can tell you this. The idea finally came to me, out there in the broiling sun, and when I gave it to my client over the phone, she gasped. In my experience, this is the best sound a client can make. I have only heard it once.

But let me end on a methodological point. Ethnography must always start with an act of humility. You are talking to the respondent because they know and you don’t. They are the expert and you are the supplicant. You have to communicate this early on, especially if you are talking to someone who might be intimated by you or your appearance. Nothing quite gets this job done like a suit, tie and a blue McDonald’s hat. In these circumstances, I might as well have been dressed up like Ronald McDonald.

But there is a second grounds for humility, one that exists for all researchers. Every time I drive by a McDonald’s, I look to see if they embraced my strategy or adopted any of my recommendations. Five years later, they haven’t done a thing.

Categories : Ethnography
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Jul
21

Joan Kron

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GreeceI had the honor to have lunch with Joan Kron today.  Ms. Kron is interesting for many reasons, but she won my particular admiration for having run  a smuggling ring for most of her career.

Joan works the coast line between the academic archipelago and the Agean sea of journalism.  Clearly, these two domains find one another in miles of contact,  but they have been policed so well and so viciously that scholarly discourse and popular communication were, until recently, very close to mutually exclusive categories. 

In High-Tech, Ms. Kron identified the fact and the origins of a trend that is only now washing into the suburb.  (Think Metro shelving, open, metal shelves designed to withstand cold temperature in industrial kitchens.  No, you don’t have this but believe your neighbors do.)  Ms. Kron saw this in the late 1970s.

Home-Psych
is, in my opinion, the single best translation of academic ideas for popular consumption.  Ms. Kron interviewed academics on the topic of how and why Americans construct this thing called "home."  I was one of them.  I began the interview with trepidation.  Not to worry.  Joan has, if I may mix my metaphors, great "return of service."  She gets it and returns it effortlessly.  (I have said ungallant things about Yale on the blog, but if Joan is the proper measure of the school, I take them all back.)

Lift was a careful study of the plastic surgery business.  Joan interviews doctors and patients.  She submitted to plastic surgery of her own. She is now regarded as the single most expert "civilian" (non MD) in the world. 

Has she been well treated?  Academics, designers, and other journalists have taken turns heaping scorn upon her work.  Clare Cooper Marcus took special pleasure in her assault on Home-Psych.  Many of this thought this was sad, because Marcus isn’t very bright and her competing book isn’t very good.  But she got a reading that Kron did not, because she has credentials that Kron does not. 

Of course, these days we waltz back and forth across these boundaries without a second thought.  This is the license of our new post-modernist mobility.  But sometimes I see a youngster engage in academic trespass, and I think to myself, "You know, it was always so.  It used to take a small boat, a shuttered lantern, and all the guts you could muster."

References

Cooper Marcus, Clare.  1997.  House as a mirror of the self, exploring the deeper meaning of home.  Berkeley: Conari Press.

Kron, Joan and Suzanne Slesin. 1978. High-Tech: The Industrial Style and Source Book for the Home.  New York: Clarkson Potter. 

Kron, Joan.  1983.  Home-Psych: the social psychology of home and decoration.  New York: Clarkson N. Potter.

Kron, Joan. 1998.  Lift: wanting and having a face lift.  New York: Viking.

Jul
20

Martha Stewart II

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MarthaI think my post yesterday was wrong.  The Martha Stewart puzzle can be parsed more deftly.

Martha Stewart is a transformational creature.  She has transformed herself from child of middle class New Jersey to doyen of upper class Connecticut.  She knows the status code cold.  Indeed, she has helped to refine and augment this code. 

But the transformation is incomplete.  By several accounts, Ms. Stewart sometimes treats friends, colleagues, and employees with small regard for courtesy.  She is, to put it more bluntly, darn close to the original BOW. 

It was as if Martha had mastered every detail of Connecticut grace…except the grace.  And grace turns out to be an essential property of the polite classes, the opportunity of real wealth, the evidence of a virtually Asian detachment from the world (especially useful for women who have NOCD husbands who need suffering gladly), proof of what the humanists said was the real condition of high standing, and finally the only real emotion the WASP is obliged to show in public.  Let me put this another way, those who wish to be, or to "pass" as, a member of polite society should not treat social interaction as a high contact sport and conflict resolution as a survivalist enterprise. 

How do I know this?  I’m an anthropologist.  I looked it up.  (Which makes you wonder why Ms. Stewart didn’t do the same.  It’s not as if the humanists are banned or burned.) 

Further to the point of yesterday’s post, this could have been the understanding that Ms. Stewart brought back from prison with her.  Now this would have been both interesting and consistent with the status metamorphosis that is, apparently, Ms. Stewart’s only transformational objective. 

Categories : Transformation
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Jul
19

Martha, no Steven

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Martha_iiThis ought to be the start of Martha Stewart’s rehabilitation.  Ms. Stewart is out of jail and available for interviews, photos ops and other revelations of how prison life has changed her. 

One of the first of these, a cover story in Vanity Fair, appears not to grasp the opportunity at hand.  We are told that Ms. Stewart is "shell shocked," that she feels the constraints of house arrest, that this empire and empress are diminished. But there is no indication that Martha Stewart is more interesting or complex. 

Perhaps she just isn’t.  She may have been too busy making sure that prison did not "break her" to use it as an opportunity to think about who she is and what she wants.  Or it may be that Vanity Fair was not listening with suffcient care or intelligence to glimpse a more nuanced subject.  (Vanity Fair is so celebratory of celebrity, it routinely leaves nuance to others.) 

C’est dommage, ca..  Here’s what Steve Jobs had to say about one of his career dislocations. 

[G]etting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

Surely, this is the opportunity of a cataclysmic change in personal circumstances.  It forces us to give up tangible accomplishment for mere promise, something we could never bring ourselves otherwise to do.   In any case, even if we do somehow, against the odds, recreate this lost world,   we are likely to appear (cliche advisory in effect)  "mere shadows of our former selves." 

But then Stewart was always an agent, never the object, of transformation.  She turned ordinary things into glittering prizes and middle class lives into status spectaculars.   There was no sense that Stewart would ever be acted on, ever allow herself to be transformed. 

No, this is wrong.   As long as both the object and agent of transformation were Martha, she was more than willing.  She began as a Polish-American girl from a small town in New Jersey.  She made herself a doyen of Connecticut grandeur.  And perhaps this is the real crux of the problem.  When your model of perfection comes from the Connecticut playbook, there are only one set of objectives, only one set of things to aspire to, only one path to greatness.

Thank god for the real transformational options of a contemporary culture.  For most of us, they mean that even quite disasterous episodes merely wipe the slate of the present transformation option.  They do not foreclose the possibility of becoming someone new.  When the fates intervene, we can begin again.

References

Tyrnauer, Matt.  2005.  The Prisoner of Bedford.  Vanity Fair.  August: 110-118, 176-180.

Acknowledgents

Carol Sandy, for pointing out the Steve Jobs’ speech at a Stanford commencement.  (Sorry, link now lost)

Categories : Transformation
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Jul
18

The future of TV advertising

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Television_fada

I was reading the interview by Piers Fawkes (IF/PFSK) of Niku Banaie (Naked). 

Piers wondered whether the video equipped cell phone might create a new venue for the TV spot.

It’s an important question.  Many of the substitutes for TV advertising are lightening quick or too unstructured (e.g., billboards, product placements in a film, internet banner ads, in situ sampling, event sponsorships).   

As the consumer’s time and attention becomes more fragmented, it becomes harder for the marketer to build brands, manage meanings and create relationships. 

That’s when it struck me: now is the time for the big brands to invest in public transit. 

The big brands helped create television: Kraft Television Theatre (1947-1958), Texaco Star Theater (1948-1956), General Electric Theater (1953-61), and of course the “soap opera” created by P&G. They created these theatres as a way to commandeer the attention of the US consumer.

Public transit can deliver as much as a couple of hours of attention time per consumer.  The cars can be wired for video, or consumers will bring their own 3G devices.  (The Tokyo subway rider has been disappearing into a 3G phone for some years now.)

Naturally, the commuter trains would have to be roomier and more pleasant than the present ones.  But then again, if “Metro lines” were being run from deep pockets and Madison Avenue, I’m guessing this would be inevitable.

This was our mistake: treating public transit as an opportunity for smaller traffic jams, faster rush hours, reduced pollution, Kyoto compliance. What the hell were we thinking?

Categories : Media Watch
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Neighborhood_ii

If it’s Friday, it must be story time. That the new policy here at This Blog Sits At. (see the posts for last Friday and the one before). 

A couple of years ago, I was called in to work for an advertising agency. I forget the topic. It was probably something like the future of laundry or the world of beer. 

I was ushered in and introduced to the rest of the team. (I can’t identify them without giving the game away. Let me say there were a couple of foreign nationals among us.) 

The account manager give us our task: to think about the product category in question (laundry or beer), identify its most telling cultural characteristics, imagine the consumer in question, and see what the future might hold. (For those of you who are foreign to the world of marketing, this sort of exercise is sometimes useful for strategic and creative purposes.  It can open up new approaches.)

The account manager was then called out of the room, which left the rest of us to carry on. And carry on we did. After the usual awkwardness and false starts, we hit a gusher. Something about the people in place, something about the topic at hand, something about the feeling that we were, now that the adult had left the room, unsupervised children who could just go nuts. We just went nuts.

It was ideas for nothing, creativity for free. The ideas came pouring out. We were suddenly as gods. We could reinvent anything we chose to think about. For a little while we took up topics at random. Staplers! Coffee cups! Was there anything we could not think about? No! We were circus seals.  Throw anything at us and we could make it spin at the end of the nose.

The academic world trains you to dispute and cavil. It requires you to insist on your difference, your separateness.  In my experience, only the commercial world encourages this “one for all and all for one” approach.  If you are Marshall Sahlins (my advisor at the University of Chicago), you probably don’t care to be joined at the mind with 3 other people.  You’re so darn smart, it doesn’t really add anything. But if you are Grant McCracken, this is a welcome outcome.  You are now multiplicatively smarter. And vastly more creative. I had a new brain, and for those 90 minutes, I could see what it’s like to be Marshall Sahlins.

Ah, but you can never stay in paradise.  No, the account manager came bustling back into the room.  And he sought to bring his children to heal. This is a rule of commercial discourse.  The most powerful person in the room gets to say what you talk about, and how you talk about it.  It’s not a successful outcome unless he or she thinks it is.  

The account manager asked “what we had” for him and we told him.  His brow began to furrow.  His face grew dark. He was not happy.  He began to shake his head.  “No, I think this is crap.  You’ve missed it.”  And here he tried on a facsimile of indignation, as if to say, “I trusted you.  I left you to your own devices. And you disappointed me.”

Now, we were the captives of a contraction. We knew we had delivered the goods.  And we knew that the account manager didn’t think so.    So we did the honorable thing. We nodded gravely. We put on regretful faces.  We used face and body to acknowledge that we had failed him.  

Then everything suddenly changed. Our pantomime stopped. We couldn’t convincingly manufacture a show of apology…because until 5 minutes ago we had been as gods, creating ideas so good, so interesting, so robust, that, under normal circumstances, any agency would sell its CEO into slavery to have at them.  

We wanted to be good subordinates. We wanted to play out the charade.  But we just couldn’t and so we stopped. The account manager was still storming his unhappiness, still treating us as wayward charges.  But we knew better. We were not going to contradict him, but we could not agree.  Our only option was to shut up and stare at him.  Which we did. 

Still he stormed. The indignation towered. The room filled with his disapproval.  We answered with a civil disobedience. We just sat there. 

Then it ended. The account manager’s show of indignation came apart like a cheap suit.  He knew his position was crap and now that we had let him know that we knew it too, he just gave up.  

At the movies, this is the place where everyone throws their hands in the air, and celebrates in victory.  But it was so very sad, we just felt badly for him.  

We were looking at more than a moment of humiliation.  This was, in the agency world, what I have come to think of as a “dead man walking.”  Those who try to control creativity, those who dare to defy creativity, are not long for this world.  They will win some of the battles, but the marketing world is so idea dependent, they must lose all of the wars.  We were looking at a man who had made a terrible career choice.  We were looking at an agency ghost. 

Categories : Advertising Watch
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Jul
14

Radio and contemporary culture

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Radio_1

A radio format called Jack emerged roughly four years ago. From obscure origins in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the format colonized big swathes of the radio world.

Jack features many more, and more diverse, songs on the play list, a less predictable set of choices, and most interesting, the collision of songs so strange and wonderful, Jack programmers call them “train wrecks.”

In an excellent treatment of the topic, Molahphy notes that “the invention of Jack in 2001–02 coincided perfectly with a far more influential invention, the iPod.”  Emerging in very different parts of the music industry,  the iPod and Jack gave us the chance to "shuffle."  And indeed, it does seem that Jack is particularly cherished for those "train wrecks." 

We now have several indicators (mash-ups, etc.) that suggests that we have not just loosed the bonds of genre but that we are now actually actively anti-generic. We want things that were not  meant to go together to be brought together.  We like to break things open and see what’s inside. We like to cross the currents and see what happens.  Everything else is fast becoming a little tedious. When confronted to the typical Hollywood film, something in us wants to scream, "Got it. Move on!"  (And I have no doubt that this is one of the reasons Hollywood now faces a downward trend at the box office.) 

This is not a novel argument, but I am not sure that we have admitted into evidence the TV remote control. When we are banging away at the remote, it is sometimes because we are searching for something better, or trying to monitor several programs at once.  But I think our motives are sometimes of the train wreck variety.  We are splicing together several feeds, perhaps, so to create a new, higher level of discourse. The structural properties of this level we haven’t yet began to explore. 

Please do read the Molahphy’s post.  It really is good.

References and acknowledgments

With a tip of the hat to Ennis at SepiaMutiny and Ishbadiddle.

Categories : Media Watch
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Jul
14

Vans go shoe gazey

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Customized_vansThe long tail promises endless multiplications in the world of goods.  My favorite: this custom pair of Vans now selling on line for $348.00.

These appear to offer a map of the wharves and north end of downtown Boston. Just the thing for absent minded bloggers trying to find their way home.  “Ok, so I must be somewhere around my little toe, and if I go right here…”

The well dressed blogger will want to commission a pair for every perabulation he  intends to take in every city he intends to visit.  (Excellent for cheating in Geography class, as well.)  Now that’s multiplication.

References and Acknowledgments

A tip of the hat to Core77, to the Barcelona-based customizing firm of Espaipupu  (ok, so it’s not Boston),  and Chris Anderson’s The Long Tail.

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Jul
13

Shame on you, Lisa

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Schwarzbaum_2Suppose we created a “who’s who” of people good at illuminating contemporary culture? We would want to include Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly. This magazine and this writer are two of my favorite measures that contemporary culture is becoming more robust. (Schwarzbaum sees Roger Ebert and she raises him.)

Here is Schwarzbaum on one of her pet peeves: the cameo appearance in general, and the recent participation of James Lipton (of Inside the Actors Studio) in the film Bewitched.

Lipton’s show is its own mesmerizing bonfire of the vanities, but the gimmick of casting pop-cultural celebs as themselves in fictional situations has become the lazy filmmaker’s shortcut to meta chuckles; it’s also a depressing index of who’s willing to shill his reputation.

Good, huh? But here’s the problem: when someone with Schwarzbaum’s power discourages an aspect of movie making, there’s a good chance that it will disappear forever…especially these days when movies struggle to make their numbers.

It is not hard to see inside the director’s head on this one. When he or she contemplates a cameo from, say, Charlie Rose, a small plane will appear from the margin of consciousness and begin laboriously to cross the mind’s eye pulling behind it the warning: “What if this cameo costs us EW support?  What if Lisa doesn’t like us?”

The decision is irresistible. The benefit doesn’t look anything like the risk. Smart directors will can the cameo and with it the sometimes interesting experiments in self reference that cameos make possible.

It is fun to write little essays entitled “what I hate,” and so to sound off in that “pet peeve” tradition. Indeed, this is a staple of the bloggers’ world. But Lisa is not a blogger. Her magazine and her reviewers hold the power of life and death over very risky enterprises. That she has pet peeves should not surprise us. That she is permitted to air them in this way perhaps should. With talent and power come responsibility. 

References

 Schwarzbaum, Lisa.  2005. What I Hate: cameo caveat. Entertainment Weekly. July 8, 2005, p. 50.

post script:

I expect that someone is going to object that it is inevitable that a critic’s preferences should form an industry and that Ms. Schwarzbaum’s has already made her influence felt in this way.  My rebuttle: there’s a big difference between approving by degree (this movie is really good) and approving by kind (this practice is really good). 

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Jul
12

Rap and the esteem economy

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Public_enemy

In Freakonomics, Steven Levitt contemplates an important puzzle: that, in the 1990s, violent crime in the US fell suddenly and steeply.  

Levitt reviews, and finds wanting, the usual explanations. He says the drop in violent crime cannot be exhaustively explained by any one, or combination, of the following factors:

Innovative policing strategies

Increased reliance on prisons

Changes in crack and other drug markets

Aging of the population

Tougher gun control laws

Strong economy

Increased number of police

All other explanations (increased use of capital punishment, concealed-weapons laws, gun buybacks, and others)

Levitt has his own, now famous, account: legalized abortion diminished the population most likely to commit crime, specifically teens brought into the world by reluctant mothers. (2005:139)

I think we are still missing something. Call it the “esteem” or “Goffman” explanation. 

As Levitt points out, we are talking not about crime but violent crime (2005: 121). Lesser crimes, burglary, robbery and auto-theft, for instance, have a “direct financial motivation.”  Violent crimes (assault, rape, homicide) appear to have an extra-economic motivation. They damage not only the material interests of the victim, but something more. Victims of assault and rape say that they feel diminished and even humiliated, and that this immaterial loss creates injury every bit as grievous as the loss of money and possessions.

Violent crime is a crime against esteem, as much as it is a crime against property.  (By “esteem,” I mean the value attacked to the individual by the individual and by others. We could also call this “face,” as Goffman did.)  And it is as a crime against esteem that it is sometimes committed.  This is to say that the diminishment and humiliation felt by the victim is no mere accident of the crime, but the very outcome the criminal sometimes intends.  

If violent crime began to fall in the 1990s, the anthropological question is this: why was the need to commit crimes against esteem felt less urgently than before? What had changed? 

To answer this question, we must answer several smaller questions. First, we must ask who would commit violent crime as a crime against esteem.  I think violent crime is mostly like to come from those who have suffered attacks upon esteem of their own.  Those who live in poverty are often subject to belittling stigma and stereotype. (These are “violent crimes” of an endemic, slow motion, rhetorical kind.) 

When committed by this group, violent crimes may be seen to have an element of retribution and, possibly, redistribution.  Victims are punished for having so much esteem when the criminal has so little. It seems to me unlikely that the criminal also hopes for redistribution. The criminal doesn’t get to “keep” the esteem he/she “takes” from a victim. (This is of course an ethnographic question that should not be answered from an armchair.)  But something like redress has been accomplished. The criminal might not have more esteem, but the victim does at least have less.

What, then, has changed for those who come from poverty, that they should feel the need to commit crimes against esteem less urgently. I believe the answer to this question comes from the single most important development in musical taste of the last 30 years, the rise of the musical form variously called rap, hip hop, gangsta and here called rap.  

Rap bestowed new esteem upon impoverished urban teen.  As long as it remained the possession of impoverished teens, black and white, it did not change the esteem equation.  But sometime in the late 1980s, it crossed over into the mainstream, black and white.  Beastie Boys and Run-DMC were calculated to have cross over appeal, and the former’s Fight For Your Right entered the top ten in 1986.  In 1988, Public Enemy released It Takes A Nation and NWA released Straight Outta Compton. Gangsta rap was now headed for the suburbs. And once this diffusion of musical form had taken place, the position of the impoverished teen went from scorned loser to a creature of standing, status, and credibility.  So utterly did rap win the day that, with a brief but interesting interruption in the form of “alternative music,” the children of the suburbs now wanted very much to walk, talk and otherwise conduct themselves as if they came from very different socio-economic origins.

The rise of rap represented a massive transfer of esteem from the teens of the middle class suburb to those of the impoverished city. There was in short an abrupt and thoroughgoing reversing of the asymmetries. Those who once suffered esteem shortages now enjoyed whacking, great surpluses. Violent crime? To protest what exactly?  To exact a revenge?  To appropriate esteem?  Violent crime was now an antique of another age, the dangerous preoccupation of another generation, an activity that was now just odd.  I believe this is why violent crime began to drop in the early 1990s.  As the suburbs began to absorb rap, the esteem economy began to tip in a new direction.  Violent crime has become an increasingly pointless enterprise. 

References

Bourois, Philippe. 1995. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. New York Cambridge University Press.

Levitt, Steven D. 2005. Freakonomics: a rogue economist explores the hidden side of everything. New York: William Morrow.

post script: sorry this is a little rushed. relatives for dinner!

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